Artificial Intelligence

Artificial Intelligence (AI), sometimes referred to as machine intelligence, is the technology of creating intelligent (thinking) computer systems.

The basic properties of AI are:

• language understanding;
• learning;
• ability to make decisions and act.

AI is associated with using computers to understand human intelligence, but is not limited to biologically plausible methods.

This science is connected with psychology, neurophysiology, transhumanism and others. Like all computer science, it uses a mathematical apparatus. Philosophy and robotics are of particular importance.

Artificial Intelligence is a top popular scientific area, the foundation to which was laid in 1956. Now it’s growing rapidly, having the evangelists in each progressive enterprise nearly in every country.

AI is a complex of related technologies and processes that develop qualitatively and rapidly, for example:

• natural language processing
• machine learning
• expert systems
• virtual agents (chatbots and virtual helpers)
• recommendation systems.

AI Applications

The fields of AI app are quite wide in scope and encompass both familiar technologies and emerging new directions that are far from mass market use, in other words, a whole range of solutions, which span from robotic vacuum cleaners to complex space stations.

Artificial Intelligence is not a monolithic subject area. Moreover, some technological directions of AI appear as new sub-sectors of the economy and separate entities, at the same time serving most areas in the economy.

The Goal of Artificial Intelligence

The traditional goals of AI include  knowledge representation, reasoning, planning, natural language processing,  learning, perception and the ability to manipulate objects.

Types of AI

• Limited Memory AI.
• Reactive Machines AI.
• Self-aware AI.
• Theory of Mind AI.
• Artificial General Intelligence (AGI)
• Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI)
• Artificial Superhuman Intelligence (ASI)

More detailed information about these types are available here.

AI Perspectives

There are two directions for the AI development:

• To solve the problems associated with the approach of specialized AI systems to human capabilities and their integration, which is realised by human nature.
• To create an Artificial Mind, representing the integration of already created AI systems into a single system that can solve the problems of mankind.

The AI development leads to the adaptation of technologies in classical sectors of the economy, leading to algorithmization of almost the entire functionality of routine operations. Business value of the AI lie in the optimisation and automation of routine processes, which can be implemented via machines in every sphere, from customer support (chatbots and AI adviser) to food processing and construction (3D printers), decreasing the costs and speeding the achievements of results.